What is a common limitation of chemical herbicides in aquatic environments?

Chemical herbicides are widely used in aquatic environments to manage unwanted vegetation; however, one significant limitation is their potential to harm non-target species. This concern arises because many herbicides are not selective and can affect a variety of organisms beyond the intended target plants. Aquatic ecosystems are complex, and the introduction of these chemicals can disrupt the balance, as they may impact fish, amphibians, invertebrates, and beneficial plant species.

Addressing this limitation is crucial for effective aquatic management practices. Understanding the specific formulations and targets of herbicides helps practitioners minimize adverse effects on non-target species, including the need to select safer options or consider alternative management strategies when dealing with sensitive environments.

The other options do not accurately capture the predominant limitation. For instance, the effectiveness of herbicides in calm waters can vary; it's not necessarily a blanket limitation. The assertion that they are only available in spray form is misleading, as herbicides can be found in various formulations, including granules and pellets. Furthermore, the notion that they work best in saltwater is not accurate, as many herbicides are specifically designed for freshwater applications.