What is an algal bloom?

An algal bloom is characterized by a dense and rapid increase in the population of algae, typically occurring over a short period. This phenomenon is often driven by favorable environmental conditions such as warm temperatures, abundant sunlight, and nutrient-rich waters. During an algal bloom, the concentration of algae can rise significantly, leading to potential ecological impacts including oxygen depletion and the release of harmful toxins that negatively affect aquatic life and water quality.

The term distinguishes algal blooms from permanent or constant growths of algae, which would not exhibit the episodic and often rapid nature that defines a bloom. Understanding algal blooms is crucial for managing aquatic ecosystems, as they can indicate underlying issues such as pollution or nutrient overload in water bodies. Hence, identifying the precise nature of algal blooms is essential for environmental management and conservation efforts.